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Antibody Characterization

The KinExA method has been utilized to determine equilibrium and rate constants of various antibodies, thus aiding in their characterization. Even extremely tight binding Ab:Ag pairs are measured with ease.  Three references, which cite the use of the KinExA method for antibody characterization, are listed below.

• Darling, R.J., Brault, P.A. “Kinetic Exclusion Assay Technology:  Characterization of Molecular Interactions.” ASSAY and Drug Development Technologies, 2004, 2, 647-657.

• Blake, D.A.; Khosraviani, M.; Pavlov, A.R.; Blake, R.C. "Characterization of a Metal-Specific Monoclonal Antibody." Aga, D.S.; Thurman, E.M., Eds.; ACS Symposium Series 657; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1997; pp 49-60.

• Blake, D.A.; Chakrabarti, P.; Khosraviani, M.; Hatcher, F.M.; Westhoff, C.M.; Goebel, P.; Wylie, D.E.; Blake, R.C. "Metal Binding Properties of a Monoclonal Antibody Directed toward Metal-Chelate Complexes." Journal of Biological Chemistry 1996, 271(44), 27677-27685.

Drug Related Studies

The KinExA method has been utilized in the detection of drugs and drug metabolites. A current reference, which cites the use of the KinExA method for drug component detection, is listed below.

• O'Connell, K.P.; Valdes, J.J.; Azer, N.L.; Schwartz, R.P.; Wright, J.; Eldefrawi, M.E. "Assessment of an Automated Solid-Phase Competitive Fluoroimmunoassay for Benzoylecgonine in Untreated Urine." Journal of Immunological Methods, 1999 May 27;225(1-2):157-69.
   

Whole Cell Surface Expressed Protein Studies 

The interaction of binding partners for proteins expressed on the surface of whole cells with the surface expressed target protein can be studied using KinExA technology.  The cells expressing the protein of interest are simply equilibrated with the soluble binding partner.  The cells are then removed from the sample by very brief centrifugation, and the concentration of remaining soluble binding partner in the supernatant is measured.
 
 
 
Environmental Studies

•    The KinExA method has been       __utilized to detect various    __substances which can be   __deleterious to the environment.   __Some references, which cite the __use of the KinExA method to __detect environmentally harmful __substances, are listed below.

• Glass, T.R., Saiki, H., Joh, T., Taemi, Y., Ohmura, N., Lackie, S.J. “Evaluation of a compact bench top immunoassay analyzer for automatic and near continuous monitoring of a sample for environmental contaminants.” Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 2004, 20, 397-403.

• Glass, T.R., Saiki, H., Blake, D.A., Blake, R.C., Lackie, S.J., Ohmura, N. “Use of Excess Solid-Phase Capacity in Immunoassays:  Advantages for Semicontinuous, Near-Real-Time Measurements and for Analysis of Matrix Effects.” Analytical Chemistry, 2004, 76, 767-772.

• Ohmura, N., Tsukidate, Y., Shinozaki, H., Lackie, S.J., Saiki, H. “Combinational Use of Antibody Affinities in an Immunoassay for Extension of Dynamic Range and Detection of Multiple Analytes.” Analytical Chemistry, 2003, 75, 104-110.

• Khosraviani, M., Blake, R.C., Pavlov, A.R., Lorbach, S.C., Yu, H., Delehanty, J.B., Brechbiel, M.W., Blake, D.A. “Binding Properties of a Monoclonal Antibody Directed toward Lead-Chelate Complexes.” Bioconjugate Chemistry, 2000, 11, 265-277.

• Rogers, K.R., Wang, Y., Mulchandani, A., Mulchandani, P., Chen, W. "Organophosphorus Hydrolase-Based Assay for Organophosphorus Pesticides." Biotechnology Progress, 1999 May;15(3):517-21.

• Rogers, K.R., Wang, Y., Mulchandani, A., Chen, W. "Development of a Versatile Organophosphorus Hydrolase-Based Assay for Organophosphate Pesticides." Proceedings of SPIE Conference on Environmental Monitoring and Remediation Technologies. Eds. Tuan Vo-Dinh, Robert L. Spellicy. Boston, MA: The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1998, 3534, 420-428.

• Rogers, K.R., Kohl, S.D., Riddick, L.A., Glass, T.R. "Detection of 2, 4-D Using the KinExA Immunoanalyzer." Analyst 1997, 122, 1107-1111.
   

Peptides

The KinExA method has been utilized to investigate interactions of various antibodies with peptides and folded proteins. The most current reference, which cites the use of the KinExA method for investigation of antibody-peptide interactions, is shown below.

• Craig, L.; Sanschagrin, P.C.; Rozek, A.; Lackie, S.; Kuhn, L.A.; Scott, J.K. "The Role of Structure in Antibody Cross-Reactivity Between Peptides and Folded Proteins." Journal of Molecular Biology 1998, 281, 183-201.

Other Fields

Other areas in which the KinExA method has been applied are listed below.

• Blake, R.C.; Pavlov, A.R.; Blake, D.A. "Quantification of Protein Binding Reactions.” Analytical Biochemistry 1999, 123-134.

• Emanuel, P.A; O'Connell, K.P.; Valdes, J.J.; Eldefrawi, A.T.; Eldefrawi, M.E. "Detection of Botulinum Toxin B by Three Solid-Phase Immunoassays." Proceedings of the ERDEC Scientific Conference on Chemical and Biological Defense Research 1998.